Gender discrimination and norms regarding the migration

1. Men may be expected to support the family economically, so migrate to try to earn money while their wives stay behind
2. Migration might be seen as a right of passage for young men
3. It may be less acceptable for women to move about and travel on their own so women may find it more difficult to migrate, or migrate shorter distances than men, internally
4. It may be the norm for women to move to husbands’ families upon marriage
5. Parents may see it as a duty for daughters to migrate and send money home to support the family, so encourage them to migrate.
6. Exploitative Terms of Work: Pay, Hours & Contracts
7. Restrictions on the Freedom of Movement Right to leave and return to one’s own state,
8. Labor Market Discrimination Against Women – at Home and Abroad Gender wage gap; glass ceiling; labor market segregation;
9. Dangerous and Degrading Working Conditions: Safety and Health
10. Gender-Based Violence in the Workplace
11. Gendered forms of Racism against Women Migrant Workers at home and abroad e. g. domestic worker and ‘entertainer’ or sex worker
12. Restrictions on Migrant Women’s Ability to Organize for their Rights at home & abroad.