For the efficient management of limited or scarce farm resources and sustainable economic management, the following measures are taken for better management of natural resources, ultimately, that will help the Nepalese farmers in the long run. They are:

a. Reducing the deforestation and soil erosion:

• The problem of soil erosion and deforestation is becoming critical day by day due to increased human activities.
• Too check hazards of deforestation and soil erosion, sound conservation measures such as appropriate land use planning, and environmental guidelines need to be prepared and implemented effectively in different physiographic zones with participatory approaches.

b. Soil and Watershed Management:

• Improper land-use practices such as deforestation, uncontrolled and excessive grazing, use of unsuitable land for agriculture (shifting cultivation) and road construction in fragile landscape have geared the continuing deterioration.
• Master Plan for Forestry Sector (MPFS, 1988) has suggested following measures for suitable management of these resources. They are;

i) Arresting watershed degradation and ecological deterioration

ii) reducing the human pressure on land through better and integrated management; and

iii) helping to attain a better quality life for the people through higher land productivity and environmental balance.

c. Management of minerals:

• Most of the mineral resources of Nepal have not been exploited yet.
• A suitable policy and plan should be made to assess the mineral resource of the country and its exploitation in the future.

d. Creation of Protected Areas for Bio-Diversity Conservation:

• National Parks, Wildlife Reserves and Conservation Areas play very important role in maintaining the protection and conservation of biodiversity.
• HMG/N has accorded high emphasis on bio-diversity conservation. A total of 18 percent of the total area of the country covers protected areas for the protection flora, fauna, landscape, forest and various types of ecosystems.

e. Community Forestry:

• Community forestry and private forest on non-cultivated farmland have reduced the pressure to common forests and altered farm activities:

a) trees on bari and non-cultivated farm land have provided both alternative and additional source of forest products;

b) altered the livestock husbandry have resulted in decrease in the total quantity of forest products.

f. Forest Management:

• Proposed policies to improve the forest management and rangelands include adoption of national land use plan based on appropriate resource use in different aezs, formation of national energy policy that emphasizes increased energy use efficiency and development of alternate sources is required and there is a need of better integration of related sectors such as agriculture, livestock and soil conservation, and greater participation of local communities and the private sector in the management forests and rangelands.

g. Improving conservation and awareness

• Conservation, education and awareness growing efforts are vital in shaping people’s perception, attitudes and behavior towards natural resources.
• This effort enable individuals to understand better resource policies, legislation an regulation and foster individual responsibility toward sustainable resource management.