White fly ( Bemisia tabaci, Aleyrodiade , Homoptera)

• Polyphagous
• Acts as a vector of different
• Suck sap from the ventral surface of
• Transmitted yellow vein mosaic virus in okra, Tomato yellow Leaf curl virus, Mosaic virus in chili, Leaf curl of cotton.

Damaging stage: Nymph and Adult

Damaging symptoms: yellowing of leaves with red plant parts, less flowering, and fruiting.

Identification

• Egg: laying egg on stomata, pear
• Larva: scale-like only mobile larval stage which moves into the lower surface of leaves and feed.
• Pupa; 4^th nymphal instar is typically referred to as a Pupa and is flat, and irregularly oval shaped.
• Adults: white to slightly yellowish color, pair wings, both wings are covered with powdery and waxy secretion.

Management:

• Avoid excessive darkness and
• Avoid transplanting of white fly infected
• Intercropped with non-preferred crops such as wheat, and barley with main
• Yellow sticky
• Extract neem fruit ( overnight soaked 50 gm fruit dust in 1-liter water).
• Tobacco decoction ( 200 gm dried tobacco 30 gm soap +4 liter water boiling 30 min and diluted 1:4 ratio).
• Aq extract of china berry fruit ( 24 hr soaked 1kg of chinaberry fruit dust in 10 liters).
• Neem-basefungicidesde such aanti-neemem @3-5 ml/liter of
• Rogar 30%Ec ( dimethoate )@ 1ml/liter.