a) Total product (TP): A given level of total product is always associated with a particular level of input use with a given production technology. A given level of output produced in a production period of an enterprise. For example, Six quintal rice production.

b) Average product (AP): Average product refers to the average productivity of a resource. It is ratio of total product (TP) to the quantity of input used in producing that amount of product, i. e., at any point on production function, it is the total output divided by the total input used. AP = Y/X where Y= Total output and X = Total input used.

c) Marginal Product (MP): The term marginal product refers to the quantity which additional (marginal) unit of factor (input) adds to the total product (Simply, change is total product by unit change in input). The marginal product (MP) at any level of the variable input can be approximated by dividing the addition to the total output by the addition to total input. MP = ΔY/ΔX (where Δ refers to change in or addition to the product or the input).

d) Production Function: Level of output of a particular commodity depends upon the quantities of inputs used for its production. This relationship between inputs and outputs can be characterized as a production function. This can be expressed in three forms; tabular, graphic, and algebraic.