Bio-engineering:

• Integrated technology that uses sound engineering practices in conjunction with ecological principles to:

1. a) design & construct vegetative living systems to prevent erosion,
2. b) stabilize shallow areas of soil instability,
3. c) protect and enhance a healthy system.

• Uses live plant materials and flexible engineering techniques to eliminate environmental problems.
• Different combinations of methods can be used on cut-and-fill slopes along roadways, landfill covers, and stream banks.
• In areas of existing or potential mass wasting, it may be best to use a bio-engineered system alone or in combination with soil bioengineering.
• Construction of engineering structures is expensive, and a relatively cheap option so in our cases there is a need for alternative conservation methods that can be adopted with less expenditure, use locally available materials, and are environmentally friendly.
• To control the surface erosion on the fill slope, a napier was grown in the Shivapuri Watershed Road erosion control program.
• Many landslides-affected areas like Krishna Bhir are rehabilitated by the use of bioengineering measures.

Advantages:

1) low cost and lower llong-termmaintenance cost.

2) low maintenance of live plants after establishment.

3) environmental benefit of wildlife habitat.

4) water quality improvement.

5) compatibility with environmentally sensitive sites.

Application of Bioengineering

• Steep slopes
• Cut and fill slopes along roadways
• Landfill covers
• Spoil banks
• Stream banks