Impact of human activities on mountain ecosystem

a) Deforestation:

b) Impact on socio-economic components:

• Drudgery of the workwomen
• Poverty
• Health Problems
• Population pressure
• Famine of fuel and fodder
• Tourism and recreation

c) Impact on Biological Components:

a) Impact on vegetation: Deforestation of fuel and timber, overgrazing on natural grassland, and expansion of agricultural land.

b) Impact on fauna: Construction of dams and reservoirs, hydroelectricity projects, poaching and change in habitat, etc.

d) Impact on environment components:

• Recession of glaciers.
• Avalanches: Changes in vegetation cover and grassland abode
• Atmosphere and micro-climate quality
• Landslide
• Soil improvement and losses are mainly due to construction, shifting, erosion, deforestation, etc.
• Eutrophication, sediment deposition, etc.
• Landscape destruction due to construction.