Course Content
Definition, concept and scope of organic farming, status of organic farming in the world and in Nepal
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Concept of organic agriculture
Concept of Organic Farming
Characteristics of Organic Farming
STATUS OF ORGANIC FARMING
Principles of Organic Agriculture
Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Common constraints encountered by the farmers in adoption of INM technology
Objectives of INM
Major Concepts of INM
Scope of organic farming
IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIC FARMING
IMPACT OF MODERN OR CHEMICAL BASED AGRICULTURE
CONSTRAINTS OF ORGANIC FARMING
Green revolution agriculture, food production, security, agro environment and farmer’s livelihood
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Introduction
Positive impacts of green revolution on food grain production and food security
Negative impacts of green revolution
Principles of organic farming; ecology, care, health and fairness
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Principle of Ecology
Principle of care
Principle of health
Principle of fairness
Components of organic farming
land, soil and water, crop and animal, renewable energy source, indigenous knowledge and biodiversity
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Components of organic farming
Land management
Soil management
Soil quality indicator properties
Principles of sustainable soil management
Methods to maximize the production of organic matter
Methods organic matter management
Soil management and protection against erosion
How can I provide enough nutrients for my crops by supplying organic material?
Mechanical measures
Biological measures
Maintaining soil fertility
Organic farming and biodiversity
OA and climate change
Organic pest management; Principle and practices
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Integrated pest management (IPM)
Major principles of non-pesticidal management
Biological control of diseases and insects
Way of ecological control
Types of Biological control
Microbial pesticides
Some successful microbial pesticides
Classification of bioagent
Plant-incorporated-protectants (PIPs)
Botanical pesticides
Some botanical pesticides
Natural enemies/biotic agents (predators and parasites)
Livestock integration in organic farming, and organic production
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Introduction
Health Care for Organic Livestock: Prevention
Converting to organic livestock production
Ways to boost organic livestock production
Marketing of organic products
organic standards, certification and accreditation, organic trade worldwide in relation to WTO
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Regulations governing organic products
Organic certification
Purpose of Organic Certification
Participatory certification or Participatory Guarantee System (Semi-formal System)
Internal control system (ICS)
Organic Certification Agencies
Certification Process
Accreditation
What are certified organic products?
What is behind an organic label?
Learn Organic Agriculture with Rahul
About Lesson

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)

  • Integrated Nutrient Management refers to the maintenance of soil fertility and of plant nutrient supply at an optimum level for sustaining the desired productivity through optimization of the benefits from all possible sources of organic, inorganic and biological components in an integrated manner.
  • INM involving a mix of organics, biological nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilizing microbes and need based chemical fertilizer would be crucial far the sustainability of production and soil as resource base for it.
  • In INM approach, organic manures like farm yard manure, compost etc. are first considered for application.
  • The balance crop nutrient requirements are supplemented with the appropriate fertilizer application.
  • Improved method of application along with proper timing of application are also considered to achieve the best efficiency of used organic manures and fertilizers.

 

Components of INM

  1. Inorganic/ chemical nutrient sources.
  2. Organic nutrient sources.
  • Organic manure.
  • Green manure.
  • Crop residue.

3. Biofertilizers.

  • Rhizobium spp.

 

Sources of INM

  • Compost
  • Chemical
  • Fertilizers
  • Bio fertilizers
  • BGA
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