Liquid formulations

1. Wettable Power (WP):
2. Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC):
3. Aerosol
4. Solution

A. Wettable Power (WP):

• The insecticides in water are mixed with carriers that are capable of making a fine suspension in water.
• It contains 25-50% toxicants and the rest wetting or dispersing agents. ‘WP’ signifies the nature of this formulation.

Advantage

• It is easy to carry store, measure, and mix
• It is not absorbed through the skin
• Effective foliage treatment can be achieved
• It is relatively cheap per unit

Disadvantage

• There is a  risk of concentrated powder inhalation by the application
• Sinking of power in the bottom of the spray tank is a problem and it requires periodic agitation.

B. Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC):

• Emulation is a two-phase dispersion involving water and an immiscible solvent i.e. an insecticide is dissolved in an organic solvent to which emulsifiers are added.
• This formulation is generally preferred to WP because the liquid form is more easily handled and mixed in the water.
• Further, the presence of oil in the emulsion makes it more toxic and leaves a more persistent deposit than that of suspension.
• It also requires less agitation and thus, is more satisfactory for use by small sprayers.

Advantage

• PThe priceper unit is low
• It is easy to transport and stored
• It treats foliage effectively

Disadvantage

• It is difficult to measure
• There is a risk of the applicator’s skin being contaminated by toxicants.

C. Aerosol

• It is an insecticide mixture contained in a volatile solvent, which is expelled through a fine orifice as a gas under pressure to produce a fine spray of minute  (0.1-50) particles.
• It is particularly effective against flying insects, such as mosquitoes, and houseflies in houses and restaurants. Slops and planes.

D. Solution

• The pesticides in contained in a single liquid phase either in water (Monocrotophos) or in oil flit- type) most of the synthetic organic insecticides are soluble in water but fairly soluble in mineral oils and organic solvents.
• They are mostly phototoxic owing to the presence of oil.