Introduction

Agriculture: Agriculture may be defined as the science, art and business of producing crops

and animals under human supervision. The term “agriculture”is derived from the Latin words

“ager” meaning soil and “cultura” meaning cultivation. It is very broad term, which includes crop production, livestock farming, fisheries, forestry etc.

Hunting and gathering System: Hunter-gatherer culture is a type of subsistence lifestyle that relies on hunting and fishing animals and foraging for wild vegetation and other nutrients like honey, for food.

Shifting cultivation/ Swidden agriculture: Refers to a technique of rotational farming in which land is cleared for cultivation (normally by fire) and then left to regenerate after a few years.

Subsistence agriculture: subsistence farming, form of farming in which nearly all of the crops or livestock raised are used to maintain the farmer and the farmer’s family, leaving little, if any, surplus for sale or trade.

Traditional agriculture: Traditional Agriculture can be defined as a primitive style of farming that involves the intensive use of indigenous knowledge, traditional tools, natural resources, organic fertilizer and cultural beliefs of the farmers.

Commercial /Industrial/Modern agriculture: Commercial agriculture, or otherwise known as agribusiness, is a cropping method in which crops are raised and livestock are raised in order to sell the products on the market in order to make money.