Feed formulation

• Select the local ingredients and determine their protein percentage.
• Use the least cost analysis to select protein and energy sources.
• Balance the crude protein level.
• Balance the digestible energy level.
• Check the levels of essential amino acids and essential fatty acids in the finished feed and I these don’t satisfy the requirements of the fish, repeat steps 3 and 4.

Feeding management

• Carps are generally fed at a rate of 2-5% body weight daily under optimum temperature conditions.
• The feed should be given at a fixed place and fixed time once or twice making a feeding tray or a fixed platform in the pond.
• The fish are usually fed in the morning after the dissolved oxygen level in the pond has begun to rise.
• Feeding shouldn’t be done late in the evening so that the maximum oxygen consumption of the fish will not coincide with a decrease in D/O levels in the pond.
• Regular inspection should be done to know the degree of food utilization by fish.
• Feeding should be avoided on cloudy days and when the temperature drops below 15⁰
• The amount of feed should be adjusted by sampling the fish at regular intervals of 2-4 weeks.