Solutions for maintaining dissolved oxygen in the pond

1. Direct improvement of dissolved oxygen by:

• Adding well-oxygenated and/or cooler water.
• Stirring of pond water by boating, swimming, etc.
• Using commercial aerators.
• Using chemicals like KMnO₄ @ 1-2 ppm.
• Using oxymar or oxymax.

2. Increased production of oxygen through photosynthesis by:

• Increasing sunlight availability.
• Fertilizing the pond periodically.

3. Reduction of oxygen requirements of fish by:

• Thinning out of fishes.
• Reducing or even stooping their supplementary feed.

4. Reduction of oxygen consumption from decomposition by:

• Avoid overfeeding and fertilizing.
• Liming the pond @500 kg/ha.

Preventive measures of low dissolved oxygen

• Avoid planting large trees at the pond dike.
• Avoid overstocking and overfeeding.
• Maintain the water depth in the pond.
• Maintain the plankton and other aquatic plants.
• Stop feeding and fertilization on cloudy days.